MASLD and MASH
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Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, occurs when fat builds up in the liver. It often acts as a “silent” disease where people feel few to no symptoms.
The more advanced stage of MASLD, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), occurs when the fat buildup in the liver causes inflammation and liver damage. Complications can lead to fibrosis (scar tissue in the liver) and cirrhosis (permanent/severe scarring in the liver).
Causes
Although the cause of MASLD is unclear, its onset is linked to metabolic dysfunction (e.g., high blood pressure, high blood sugar, or high cholesterol), obesity, and type 2 diabetes.
Symptoms
Symptoms that people with MASLD may feel:
fatigue and weakness
weight loss
ache/pain in upper right abdomen (location of liver)
When MASLD progresses to MASH, symptoms may include:
itchy skin
shortness of breath
jaundice
abdominal swelling
enlarged spleen
spider-like blood vessels
Treatment
Losing weight through a healthy diet and physical exercise is the most common treatment for MASLD and MASH. Medications may also be used to treat liver scarring.
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